Wairau Valley, Marlborough
Social learning – a relatively new approach to this issue – aims to develop understanding and action to achieve change among groups of stakeholders. Working at the community or sectoral level rather than at the individual level, social learning co-creates knowledge through combined reflection and negotiation, building trust and enabling science to be more effectively translated into action. Good facilitation by a multi-disciplinary project team is vital to support open conversations. Care must also be taken to ensure different knowledge systems are all appreciated and used within the wider process, including knowledge from science, local experience, and mātauranga.
Researchers at Manaaki Whenua and AgResearch recently published a paper on the power of social learning in freshwater management in two catchments: one in the Wairau Valley (Marlborough) and one in Mangatarere (Wairarapa). For both catchments, a representative collaborative group was formed, and then four or five facilitated workshops were led by a dedicated project team. The workshops allowed each group to understand the ways in which they value their river in order to develop future water-use scenarios and create useful indicator sets to assess progress in their agreed direction. The research aimed to discover how best to design social learning processes to enable community participation and navigate issues related to institutional structures. The research was part of the ‘Wheel of Water’ programme led by Aqualinc Research.
Andrew Fenemor, who led the Wairau case study, comments that this research, and ongoing work on collaborative and integrated decision-making, has been influential in the design of regional council planning processes for freshwater. For example, the Takaka Freshwater and Land Advisory Group (FLAG) used these approaches to recommend water allocation and water-quality limits and land-use policy to manage water bodies – including the renowned Te Waikoropupū Springs – in Tasman District. The research has also been influential in the Government’s ‘Essential Freshwater 2019–20’ work programme aiming to reverse the decline in lowland water quality nationally.
